Nanomaterials have attracted a lot of attraction in terms of environmental remediation such as gas pollutant and water contaminant. Regarding their huge surface area and related high reactivity, nanomaterials act better in environmental clean-up than other conventional methods. There are many materials including carbon structures have been designed and applied as adsorptive removal of environmental pollutant gases. Remarkable surface of carbon nanostructures is a privileged factor for gas detecting and adsorbing gas devices. In addition, enough implanting of the compounds with transition metals might enhance their adsorbing ability and adjust their adsorbing selectivity as the excellent dopant applicants. Furthermore, a variety of organic and inorganic contaminants containing pharmaceuticals, endocrine-disrupting compounds, dye chemicals and heavy metals have often been distinguished in many drinking water sources and wastewaters worldwide. Recently, 2D or 3D nanomaterials with unique specifications have been investigated as engaged adsorbents for the impressive cure of different environmental chemicals such as carbon nanotubes, graphene surfaces, MOFs, and boron nitrides with thin shapes, principal specific surface area and powerful functional situations. This Special Issue welcomes all contributions on study of nanomaterials for removing the pollutants from gas and water.