Applied Chemical Engineering

Analytical spectrophotometric evaluation of hematological parameters with emphasis on iron-containing substances

Enas H. Mohammed

Department of Science, College of Basic Education, University of Mosul, Mosul, Nineveh Governorate, Iraq

Bashar Abdulazeez Mahmood

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education for Pure Science, University of Anbar, Anbar 31001, Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/ace.v9i2.5788

Keywords: Analytical spectrophotometry; Iron-containing substances; Hematological parameters; Complete blood count (CBC); Caffeine–iron interaction.

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Abstract

Iron plays a pivotal role in hematopoiesis, particularly in hemoglobin synthesis and oxygen transport. Alterations in iron availability, whether nutritional or pharmacological, directly influence erythroid indices and red blood cell morphology. This study employed validated UV–Vis spectrophotometric methods combined with hematological analysis to evaluate the effects of iron-containing substances, with and without caffeine, on complete blood count (CBC) parameters. Calibration results confirmed excellent linearity and sensitivity, enabling accurate quantification of iron–caffeine interactions. Hematological data demonstrated significant increases in hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and red blood cell counts in treated groups, while white blood cell counts remained largely unaffected. Platelet indices revealed moderate morphological changes, although total platelet numbers were stable. Collectively, these findings highlight the applicability of spectrophotometric techniques in biomedical and nutritional research, offering a cost-effective and reliable alternative for clinical and laboratory investigations.

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