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Home > Archives > Vol. 9 No. 1(Publishing) > Original Research Article
ACE-5851

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2026-02-03

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Vol. 9 No. 1(Publishing)

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Original Research Article

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Copyright (c) 2026 EL Houssaine Ouharba, Khadija El-Moustaqim, Ahmed Abarkan, Aziza Lamchaimech, Chaymae Benballa, Zine EL Abidine Triqui, Nissrine Majit, Jamal Mabrouki

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EL Houssaine Ouharba, Khadija El-Moustaqim, Ahmed Abarkan, Aziza Lamchaimech, Chaymae Benballa, Zine EL Abidine Triqui, … Jamal Mabrouki. (2026). Effects of climate change on the food security of Morocco: A case study of the Bouregreg watershed. Applied Chemical Engineering, 9(1), ACE-5851. https://doi.org/10.59429/ace.v9i1.5851
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Effects of climate change on the food security of Morocco: A case study of the Bouregreg watershed

EL Houssaine Ouharba

Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed-V University, Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP – Morocco

Khadija El-Moustaqim

Improvement and Valuation of Plant Resources, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofaïl University, KENITRA-University Campus, Kenitra 14000, Morocco

Ahmed Abarkan

Biotarde, 31120 Toulouse, France

Aziza Lamchaimech

Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Faculty of Science, CERNE2D, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, B.P. 1014, Morocco

Chaymae Benballa

Territoire, Environnement Et Developpement, Faculty of Letters and Human Sciences of Kenitra, Ibn Tofail University Kenitra, B.P 401, Kénitra, Morocco

Zine EL Abidine Triqui

Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed-V University, Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta Agdal, B.P. 1014 RP – Morocco

Nissrine Majit

Ecole des Sciences de l’Information, Avenue Allal El Fassi. Cité Al Irfane B.P: 6204 Rabat-instituts, Rabat, Morocco

Jamal Mabrouki

Laboratory of Spectroscopy, Molecular Modeling, Materials, Nanomaterials, Water and Environment, Faculty of Science, CERNE2D, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, B.P. 1014, Morocco


DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/ace.v9i1.5851


Keywords: food security; climate change; agriculture; Bouregreg basin; Morocco


Abstract

This study examines the impact of climate variability on agricultural systems in Morocco, with particular attention to wheat production and vegetation dynamics in a context of increasing temperature, decreasing and irregular rainfall, and heightened exposure to droughts and floods. This work aims to evaluate the magnitude and spatial extent of the combined effects of climate variability and agricultural and pastoral activities on the surface condition of the Bouregreg watershed. The specific objectives are to analyze recent climatic changes, assess their influence on plant-level alterations, and examine how agricultural and pastoral practices interact with climatic constraints to affect agricultural productivity. The study is based on an evaluation of climatic variability, including changes in temperature and rainfall patterns, alongside an analysis of vegetation dynamics as indicators of agricultural and environmental conditions within the Bouregreg watershed. Particular attention is given to inter-annual variability in agricultural yields and to the role of agricultural and pastoral activities in shaping vegetation responses to climatic stress. The analysis highlights a decline and increasing irregularity of rainfall, rising temperatures, and a high frequency of extreme climatic events, which collectively contribute to low average wheat yields and strong inter-annual variability in Morocco. Compared with other Mediterranean countries, Morocco exhibits limited technological progress in wheat production, which amplifies the sensitivity of agricultural output to climatic fluctuations. The findings indicate that national agriculture, particularly wheat production, is highly vulnerable to ongoing climatic changes. The strong dependence of agricultural performance on climate variability and land use practices suggests significant risks for the sustainability of agricultural systems and underscores the need for improved adaptation strategies to mitigate future impacts on food security.


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