Applied Chemical Engineering

Synergistic Enhancement of Piezoelectric and Triboelectric Outputs in Barium Titanate/Nylon-11 (BaTiO₃/Nylon-11) Nanofibrous Hybrid Nanogenerators for Self-Powered Wearable Electronics

Mokhalad Ali Zbalh

Applied Biotechnology Department, College of Biotechnology, Al‑Qasim Green University, Babylon 51013, Iraq

Nawras Hofzi Shliouh

Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology, Al‑Qasim Green University, Babylon 51013, Iraq

Ikram Kamal Jasim

Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah-Iraq

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59429/ace.v9i3.5905

Keywords: Hybrid Nanogenerator, Energy Harvesting, Piezoelectric Effect, Triboelectric Effect, Barium Titanate, Nylon-11, Electrospinning, Wearable Electronics, Synergistic Enhancement

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Abstract

The growing demand for wearable electronics underscores the need for sustainable, self-sufficient power sources that can effectively convert low-level mechanical energy. This study reports the design and fabrication of a flexible, high-performance hybrid nanogenerator, which utilizes electrospun BaTiO₃/Nylon-11 composite nanofibers to harness both piezoelectric and triboelectric effects. Embedding piezoelectric BaTiO₃ nanoparticles in a strongly tribopositive Nylon-11 matrix effectively modulates surface charge density through internally generated piezo potential, leading to a significant synergistic increase in triboelectric charge transfer. The optimized hybrid nanogenerator delivers an open-circuit voltage of about 55 V and a short-circuit current of 780 nA, corresponding to a peak power density of 28.4 µW/cm² at an optimal load resistance of 70 MΩ. As a proof of concept for practical applicability, the device instantly powers 30 commercial LEDs under repeated mechanical tapping, demonstrating its strong potential as a self‑powered platform for next‑generation wearable electronics.

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